Democracy and Deep-Rooted Conflict: Options for Negotiators

This handbook is meant to highlight the political choices that the people negotiating an end to a violent conflict have to build an enduring democracy. Part I discusses the nature of modern conflict within states, particularly its roots in the identity of the state’s people, the fact that it is internal to the state, and the high cost to civilians. It also discusses the role of democracy in conflict management, and highlights the importance of an inclusive process over any substantive outcome. Part II focuses on the process of analysing a conflict at both the macro and micro levels. This includes looking at the patterns of conflict, the role of national and international factors, the problems associated with identity based conflicts, and the list of factors necessary to identify before conducting any analysis. Part III looks at all aspects of designing the settlement process and the range of negotiation techniques and procedures available to negotiators to help manage conflict. Part IV then canvasses the options applicable to designing a democratic state in a post conflict society. These include, but are not limited to those applicable to the structure of the state, the nature of the executive, the role of the legislature, the electoral system, language policies, and issues related to transitional justice. Finally, Part V explores the factors relevant to the sustainability of democratic institutions, and looks at possible obstacles and the role of the international community. Dispersed throughout the handbook are relevant case studies and practical tips for negotiators in conflict ridden and post-conflict transitioning countries.
Keywords: Political transformation, Principles (procedural/process), International Advice/Support, Negotiation, Time Line/Timetable, Cessation of hostilities, Hostilities, Systems of Government, Presidential system, Parliamentary system, Semi-Presidential system, Electoral Systems, Legislature/Legislative, Legislative powers, Legislative Structure/body, Rights/Protection/Freedom/Freedoms, Human rights, Minority Rights, Women’s Rights, Language/Multilingual, Transitional Justice, Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Example. Copyright.