This report has been prepared pursuant to General Assembly resolution 72/243, in which the Assembly called upon the Secretary-General to submit to it, at its seventy-fourth session, a report on the state of global peace and security in line with the central mandates contained in the Charter of the United Nations. The report highlights the evolving nature of armed conflict and violence and examines the seven major trends related to global peace and security today.

 Le présent rapport fait suite à ladite requête. Il met en lumière le rôle important que joue la médiation dans la prévention, la gestion et le règlement des conflits, rend compte de cinq volets de l’appui à la médiation ainsi que d’exemples d’activités menées par l’Organisation dans ces différentes modalités et décrit les instruments auxquels les entités des Nations Unies peuvent faire appel pour coordonner l’appui qu’elles apportent, à divers niveaux, aux initiatives de médiation.

Le présent rapport a été préparé conformément à la résolution 2171 (2014) du Conseil de sécurité. Il examine l'évolution des conflits contemporains et du paysage de la prévention au cours des dernières années ; offre un aperçu des efforts en cours pour renforcer les outils et initiatives de prévention des Nations Unies, en mettant en avant la coopération avec les organisations régionales et sous-régionales ; et aborde également les principaux défis et opportunités liés à la prévention des conflits.

Le présent rapport décrit les efforts faits pour renforcer la coopération et le partenariat entre l’Organisation des Nations Unies et les organisations régionales et sous-régionales en vue de mettre en place des capacités de médiation et d’approfondir les partenariats stratégiques et opérationnels dans le cadre d’initiatives de médiation. Il examine les tendances observées en matière de conflits et de médiation et rappelle les principes fondamentaux d’une médiation efficace dans l’optique d’efforts de coopération.

Dans sa résolution 65/283, l’Assemblée générale a prié le Secrétaire général de lui présenter un rapport sur l’application de la résolution intitulée « Renforcement du rôle de la médiation dans le règlement pacifique des différends et la prévention et le règlement des conflits ». Le présent rapport fait le bilan de l’application de la résolution, au regard des principales tendances en matière de médiation. Les Directives pour l’amélioration de l’efficacité de la médiation ainsi que les vues des États Membres y sont présentées sous forme d’annexes. 

Le présent rapport examine les possibilités qui s’offrent actuellement à l’Organisation des Nations Unies et à ses partenaires, ainsi que les problèmes qu’ils rencontrent lorsqu’ils ont recours à la diplomatie préventive, alors qu’évoluent le paysage politique et le climat de la sécurité. 

Le présent rapport passe en revue les défis que doivent relever l’Organisation des Nations Unies et ses partenaires pour fournir un appui spécialisé à la médiation entre des parties à un conflit. Il montre qu’il faut des médiateurs avertis et confirmés, disposant d’équipes d’appui où les femmes sont dûment représentées et de ressources suffisantes pour être rapidement à même d’aider les parties à établir des mécanismes leur permettant de s’attaquer aux racines du conflit, de dépasser les obstacles et d’aboutir à un accord menant à une paix durable. 

In this resolution the General Assembly reaffirms the respective role and authority of the General Assembly and the Security Council in the maintenance of international peace and security in accordance with the Charter. 

Adopting by consensus a text on the topic, the Assembly encouraged the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations to continue to develop their mediation capacities; use United Nations Guidance for Effective Mediation in their efforts; and increase awareness of the importance of mediation through conferences, seminars and workshops.  In that regard, it welcomed the “Mediation in the Mediterranean Initiative”.

The present General Assembly resolution takes note of the Secretary-General’s report “Strengthening the role of mediation in the peaceful settlement of disputes, conflict prevention and resolution” and encourages the use of the United Nations Guidance for Effective Mediation by all relevant actors. Furthermore, the General Assembly decides to continue its consideration of mediation on a biannual basis.

The present resolution recognizes the increased use of mediation, reflects on current challenges facing the international community in such mediation efforts, and calls on key actors to develop their mediation capacities.

The 2005 World Summit Outcome, endorsed by General Assembly resolution 60/1, outlines a plan of action in four key areas: development, peace and collective security, human rights and strengthening of the United Nations. In particular, it calls for measures to promote a coherent and integrated approach to the prevention of armed conflict and to strengthen the capacity of the UN for the prevention of armed conflict.

The annex to the General Assembly resolution 37/10, also known as the Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes, reaffirms the principles set out in the Charter that all States shall settle their disputes by peaceful means and listed, inter-alia, negotiation, mediation and good offices as means to seek a peaceful settlement.

In this Resolution, the Security Council stresses its determination to make greater and more effective use of “negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement and resort to regional and subregional organizations and arrangements, as well as the good offices of the Secretary-General.”

This Security Council resolution seeks to fill-in gaps in the existing Sexual Violence in Conflict (SVC) framework, through establishing a conceptual framework and practical guidance on how to operationalise SVC on a consistent basis throughout the peace and security agenda, including, in all aspects of UN conflict resolution efforts.

This Security Council resolution provides the accountability architecture needed to list and de-list perpetrators, as well as to monitor patterns and trends of conflict-related sexual violence. Security Council resolution 1960 (2010) also calls for an expanded mandate to comprehensively address sexual violence, when used as a tactic of conflict or emerging as a consequence of conflict.

This Security Council resolution recognized for the first time conflict-related sexual violence as a tactic of warfare and as a serious threat to international peace and security. The resolution calls for an end to widespread conflict-related sexual violence, the accountability of all actors to counter impunity for such crimes and calls on the United Nations to develop appropriate mechanisms to provide protection from violence and respond to sexual violence and other forms of violence against civilians.

This Security Council resolution recognized for the first time conflict-related sexual violence as a tactic of warfare and as a serious threat to international peace and security. The resolution calls for an end to widespread conflict-related sexual violence, the accountability of all actors to counter impunity for such crimes and calls on the United Nations to develop appropriate mechanisms to provide protection from violence and respond to sexual violence and other forms of violence against civilians.

This Security Council resolution addresses the obstacles to women’s participation in peace processes and peacebuilding. The resolution 1889 (2009) calls for the establishment of a global set of indicators to track the implementation of Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000), emphasizes the need to ensure gender mainstreaming in all post-conflict peacebuilding and recovery processes and requests the Secretary-General to report on women’s participation and inclusion in peacebuilding and planning in the aftermath of conflict.

This was the first landmark Security Council resolution on women, peace and security. The resolution 1325 (2000) addresses the impact of war on women and the importance of women’s full and equal participation in conflict resolution, peacebuilding, peacekeeping, humanitarian response and in post-conflict reconstruction. The resolution also calls for special measures to protect women and girls from conflict-related sexual violence and outlines gender-related responsibilities of the United Nations in different political and programmatic areas.